Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK

Public Use Microdata Area (PUMA)

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2023 Population

123,741

1.51% 1-year growth

US Senator

James Lankford

Republican Party

US Senator

Markwayne Mullin

Republican Party

2023 Median Age

31.9

1.54% 1-year decrease

2023 Poverty Rate

24%

0.566% 1-year increase

2023 Median Household Income

$53,676

6.28% 1-year growth

2023 Median Property Value

$134,600

8.99% 1-year growth

2022 Employed Population

51,973

0.0519% 1-year decline

About

In 2023, Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK had a population of 124k people with a median age of 31.9 and a median household income of $53,676. Between 2022 and 2023 the population of Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK grew from 121,900 to 123,741, a 1.51% increase and its median household income grew from $50,503 to $53,676, a 6.28% increase.

The 5 largest ethnic groups in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK are White (Non-Hispanic) (37.5%), White (Hispanic) (13.6%), Two+ (Hispanic) (13.4%), Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) (12.2%), and Other (Hispanic) (9.81%).

33.2% of the households in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

88.4% of the residents in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK are U.S. citizens.

The largest universities in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK are JB's Hair Design and Barber College (85 degrees awarded in 2022).

In 2023, the median property value in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK was $134,600, and the homeownership rate was 49.8%.

Most people in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK drove alone to work, and the average commute time was 21.4 minutes. The average car ownership in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK was 2 cars per household.

Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK borders East Central Oklahoma Counties--Shawnee, Stroud, Chandler & Tecumseh Cities PUMA, OK, North Cleveland County--South Oklahoma City & Moore Cities PUMA, OK, Oklahoma County (East)--Midwest City, Del City, East Oklahoma City & Choctaw Cities PUMA, OK, Oklahoma County (Central)--Oklahoma City, The Village & Nichols Hills Cities PUMA, OK, and Oklahoma County (Southwest)--West Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK.

United States Oklahoma

Population & Diversity

Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK is home to a population of 124k people, from which 88.4% are citizens. As of 2023, 16.7% of Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK residents were born outside of the country (20.7k people).

In 2023, there were 2.75 times more White (Non-Hispanic) residents (46.4k people) in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK than any other race or ethnicity. There were 16.8k White (Hispanic) and 16.6k Two+ (Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

The most common non-English languages spoken as the primary langauge in households in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK are Spanish (34,916 households), Vietnamese (818 households), and Other Languages of Asia (304 households).

Population & Diversity

Residents by Gender and Age

RACE/ETHNICITY

58,913

Women

48.4%

62,933

Men

51.6%

The resident population of United States in 2022 was 121,846 inhabitants, with 51.6% men, and 48.4% women.

The visualization shows the distribution of the residents by gender and age in the United States.

With the upper buttons you can add a filter by race.

Citizenship

88.4%

2023 Citizenship

88.4%

2022 Citizenship

As of 2023, 88.4% of Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK residents were US citizens, which is lower than the national average of 93.4%. In 2022, the percentage of US citizens in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK was 88.4%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been increasing.

The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Diversity

Race and Ethnicity

The 3 largest ethnic groups in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK

White (Non-Hispanic)
46.4k ± 1.89k
White (Hispanic)
16.8k ± 1.88k
Two+ (Hispanic)
16.6k ± 1.77k

39.2%

Hispanic Population

48.5k people

39.2% of the people in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK are hispanic (48.5k people).

The following chart shows the 7 races represented in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK as a share of the total population.

Global Diversity

Most Common Origin

Mexico
14,499 ± 2,775 people
Guatemala
940 ± 750 people
Vietnam
440 ± 514 people

In 2022, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK was Mexico, the natal country of 14,499 Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK residents, followed by Guatemala with 940 and Vietnam with 440.

Foreign-Born Population

16.7%

2023 Foreign-Born Population

20.7k people

16.7%

2022 Foreign-Born Population

20.4k people

As of 2023, 16.7% of Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK residents (20.7k people) were born outside of the United States, which is higher than the national average of 13.8%. In 2022, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK was 16.7%, meaning that the rate has been decreasing.

The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Non-English Households

Most Common Non-English Languages

Spanish
34,916 households (30.4%)
Vietnamese
818 households (0.712%)
Other Languages of Asia
304 households (0.265%)

33.2% of the households in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language, which is higher than the national average of 22%. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

In 2023, the most common non-English language spoken in households in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK was Spanish. 30.4% of the households in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK reported speaking Spanish at home as the primary shared language between all members living in the household.

Military

Veterans

Most Common Service Period

Gulf War (2001-)
2,597 ± 395
Vietnam
1,852 ± 385
Gulf War (1990s)
1,455 ± 265

Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK has a large population of military personnel who served in Gulf War (2001-), 1.4 times greater than any other conflict.

Economy

The economy of Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK employs 52k people. The largest industries in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK are Construction (5,317 people), Restaurants & Food Services (3,949 people), and Elementary & secondary schools (2,328 people), and the highest paying industries are Pharmaceutical & medicine manufacturing ($125,215), Oil & gas extraction ($124,775), and Administration of economic programs & space research ($107,667).

Males in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK have an average income that is 1.12 times higher than the average income of females, which is $45,877. The income inequality in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK (measured using the Gini index) is 0.428, which is lower than than the national average.

Employment

Workforce Diversity

Measure

RACE/ETHNICITY

21,725

Women

41.4%

30,728

Men

58.6%

The workforce of Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK in 2020 was 52,453 people, with 41.4% woman, and 58.6% men.

The visualization shows the distribution of the workforce by gender and age in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK.

With the upper buttons you can see the distribution of the average salary and add a filter by race.

Occupations

52k

2022 Value

−0.0519%

1 Year decline

± −0.0519%

From 2021 to 2022, employment in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK declined at a rate of −0.0519%, from 52k employees to 52k employees.

The most common job groups, by number of people living in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK, are Driver/sales workers & truck drivers (2,325 people), Janitors & building cleaners (1,844 people), and Cooks (1,288 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK.

Unemployment Insurance Claims

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for false.

This chart shows weekly unemployment insurance claims in Oklahoma (not-seasonally adjusted) compared with the four states with the most similar impact.

The most recent data point uses Advance State Claims data, which can be revised in subsequent weeks.

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Industries

Employment by Industries

52k

2022 Value

−0.0519%

1 Year decline

± −0.0519%

From 2021 to 2022, employment in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK declined at a rate of −0.0519%, from 52k employees to 52k employees.

The most common employment sectors for those who live in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK, are Construction (5,317 people), Restaurants & Food Services (3,949 people), and Elementary & secondary schools (2,328 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK, though some of these residents may live in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

Median Earnings by Industry

$39,960

Median earning men ± $1,766

$31,046

Median earning women ± $1,353

The industries with the best median earnings for men in 2023 are Public Administration ($68,351), Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting, & Mining ($67,090), and Information ($53,846).

The industries with the best median earnings for women in 2023 are Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting, & Mining ($68,413), Public Administration ($60,677), and Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($39,379).

Employment by Industry Sector

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Oklahoma.

Y-Axis

2.57%

Year-over-year growth

Employment change between February 2022 and February 2023

As of February 2023, there are 1.72M people employed in Oklahoma. This represents a 2.57% increase in employment when compared to February 2022.

Right after the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, during April 2020, a general dip can be seen across industry sectors, resulting in an overall decline in employment by 10%.

The following chart shows monthly employment numbers for each industry sector in Oklahoma.

Civics

In the 2024 presidential election, the popular vote in Oklahoma went to Donald J. Trump with 66.2% of the vote. The runner-up was Kamala Harris (31.9%), followed by Robert Kennedy (1.02%).

James Lankford and Markwayne Mullin are the senators currently representing the state of Oklahoma. In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

Oklahoma is currently represented by 5 members in the U.S. house, and members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms.

Presidential Elections

Presidential Popular Vote Over Time

Voting results are not available for Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK. Showing the available data for Oklahoma.

2024 Election Results

Donald J. Trump (66.2%)
Republican Party
Kamala Harris (31.9%)
Democratic Party
Robert Kennedy (1.02%)
Independent Party

In the 2024 presidential election, the popular vote in Oklahoma went to Donald J. Trump with 66.2% of the vote. The runner-up was Kamala Harris (31.9%), followed by Robert Kennedy (1.02%).

The following chart shows the popular vote results in Oklahoma for each registered party from 1976 to 2024.

Senator Elections

US Senators from Oklahoma

Senatorial voting results are only available at the state level. Showing data for Oklahoma.

James Lankford

Senator from Oklahoma

Assumed office on January 3, 2015
Took office following the resignation of Tom Coburn.

Markwayne Mullin

Senator from Oklahoma

Assumed office on January 3, 2023
Took office following the resignation of Jim Inhofe.

James Lankford and Markwayne Mullin are the senators currently representing Oklahoma.

In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

The following chart shows elected senators in Oklahoma over time, excluding special elections, colored by their political party.

US Representative Elections

US Representatives from Oklahoma

Oklahoma is currently represented by 5 members in the U.S. house.

Members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms, and the following chart shows the how the members for Oklahoma have changed over time starting in 2008.

Education

In 2022, universities in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK awarded 85 degrees. The student population of Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK in 2022 is skewed towards men, with 53 male students and 9 female students.

Most students graduating from Universities in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK are Black or African American (61 and 71.8%), followed by Hispanic or Latino (17 and 20%), White (7 and 8.24%), and Asian (0 and 0%).

The largest universities in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK by number of degrees awarded are JB's Hair Design and Barber College (85 and 100%).

The most popular majors in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK are Barbering (85 and 100%).

Admissions & Enrollments

Enrollments by Gender and Races

In 2022 there were 62 students enrolled in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK, 85.5% men and 14.5% women.

By race, the largest number of students enrolled was concentrated in Black or African American with 31 records, of which 16.1% were women and 83.9% men.

Completions

Concentrations

Barbering

Most Common

85 degrees awarded

In 2022, the most common concentation for 1 to 2 Year Postsecondary Certificate recipients in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK was Barbering with 85 degrees awarded.

This visualization illustrates the percentage of students graduating with a 1 to 2 Year Postsecondary Certificate from schools in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK according to their major.

Universities

Gender

Race

JB's Hair Design and Barber College

Largest Universities by degrees awarded

85 degrees awarded

In 2022, the institution with the largest number of graduating students was JB's Hair Design and Barber College with 85 degrees awarded.

Student Diversity

In 2022, 65 men were awarded degrees from institutions in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK, which is 3.25 times more than the 20 female students who received degrees in the same year.

In 2022 the most common race/ethnicity group awarded degrees at institutions was Black or African American students. These 61 degrees mean that there were 3.59 times more degrees awarded to Black or African American students then the next closest race/ethnicity group, Hispanic or Latino, with 17 degrees awarded.

Awarded Degrees over Time

The graph shows the evolution of awarded degrees by degrees. Under the paragraphs, the average number of awarded degrees by university in each degree is shown.

Working Population

Educational Pyramid

Measure

In 2022, 2.85% of men over 25 years of age had not completed any academic degree (no schooling), while 2.09% of women were in the same situation.

This visualization shows the gender distribution of the population according to the academic level reached.

Educational Attainment

Race

The most common educational levels obtained by the working population of Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK in 2022 were High School or Equivalent (28.5k), Some college (21.8k), and Secondary Education (18.6k).

This visualization illustrates the percentage distribution of the population according to the highest educational level reached. You can filter the data by race by using the selector above.

Housing & Living

The median property value in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK was $134,600 in 2023, which is 0.444 times smaller than the national average of $303,400. Between 2022 and 2023 the median property value increased from $123,500 to $134,600, a 8.99% increase. The homeownership rate in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK is 49.8%, which is approximately the same as the national average of 65%.

People in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK have an average commute time of 21.4 minutes, and they drove alone to work. Car ownership in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK is approximately the same as the national average, with an average of 2 cars per household.

Median household income in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK is $53,676. In 2023, the PUMA with the highest Median Household Income in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK was Oklahoma County (Northeast)--Edmond & North Oklahoma City PUMA, OK with a value of $92,815, followed by Canadian County--Yukon, Mustang, El Reno, West Oklahoma City & Piedmont Cities PUMA, OK and North Cleveland County--South Oklahoma City & Moore Cities PUMA, OK, with respective values of $85,427 and $82,645.

Housing

Property

$134,600

Median Property Value 2023

±$7,371

$22,679

Median Property Taxes

±$1,153

The following chart display owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK the largest share of households pay taxes in the < $800 range.

The chart underneath the paragraph shows the property taxes in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies.

Rent vs Own

49.8%

Homeownership

2023

68.9%

Homeowners with Mortgage

2023

In 2023, 49.8% of the housing units in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK were occupied by their owner. This percentage declined from the previous year's rate of 51.6%.

This chart shows the percentage of owner in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

Equity

Income by Location

Use the dropdown to filter by race/ethnicity.

Race/Ethnicity

Highest Median Household Income (Total)

In 2023, the PUMA with the highest Median Household Income (Total) in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK was Oklahoma County (Northeast)--Edmond & North Oklahoma City PUMA, OK with a value of $92,815, followed by Canadian County--Yukon, Mustang, El Reno, West Oklahoma City & Piedmont Cities PUMA, OK and North Cleveland County--South Oklahoma City & Moore Cities PUMA, OK, with respective values of $85,427 and $82,645.

The following map shows all of the PUMAs in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK colored by their Median Household Income (Total).

Household Income

Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.

$53,676

Median Household Income

± $2,025

45.6k

Number of Households

± 1,825

In 2023, the median household income of the 45.6k households in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK grew to $53,676 from the previous year's value of $50,503.

The following chart displays the households in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the $75k - $100k range.

Wage Distribution

0.428

2022 Wage GINI in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK

0.41

2021 Wage GINI in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK

In 2022, the income inequality in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK was 0.428 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 4.17% growth from 2021 to 2022, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat less even. The GINI for Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK was lower than than the national average of 0.478. In other words, wages are distributed more evenly in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK in comparison to the national average.

This chart shows the number of workers in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

Transportation

Commuter Transportation

Most Common Commute in 2023

Drove Alone (76.3%)
Carpooled (12.7%)
Worked At Home (5.58%)

In 2023, 76.3% of workers in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK drove alone to work, followed by those who carpooled to work (12.7%) and those who worked at home (5.58%).

The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

Commute Time

21.4 minutes

Average Travel Time

Using averages, employees in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK have a shorter commute time (21.4 minutes) than the normal US worker (26.6 minutes). Additionally, 1.88% of the workforce in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

The chart below shows how the median household income in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Car Ownership

2 cars

Average Number

The following chart displays the households in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK have 2 cars.

Poverty

Poverty & Diversity

24% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK (28.8k out of 120k people) live below the poverty line, a number that is higher than the national average of 12.4%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 25 - 34, followed by Females 35 - 44 and then Males 6 - 11.

The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK is White, followed by Hispanic and Two Or More.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

Social Needs

Data only available at the state level.

Most prevalent states

California
35,798 individuals
New York
5,087 individuals
Florida
4,915 individuals

In 2017, California had the highest estimated number of chronically homeless individuals in the nation, at 35,798. New York has the second highest (5,087), followed by Florida (4,915).

The following map shows the estimated number of chronically homeless individuals by state over multiple years.

Health

79.4% of the population of Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK has health coverage, with 30.1% on employee plans, 27.2% on Medicaid, 6.69% on Medicare, 11.9% on non-group plans, and 3.52% on military or VA plans.

Primary care physicians in Oklahoma see 1653 patients per year on average, which represents a 1.6% increase from the previous year (1627 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 1572 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 238 patients per year.

Coverage

Patient to Clinician Ratios

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Oklahoma.

1,653 to 1

Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio in Oklahoma

Primary care physicians in Oklahoma see an average of 1,653 patients per year. This represents a 1.6% increase from the previous year (1,627 patients).

The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in Oklahoma in comparison to its neighboring geographies.

Health Care Diversity

In 2023, insured persons according to age ranges were distributed in 30.3% under 18 years, 23.7% between 18 and 34 years, 35.2% between 35 and 64 years, and 10.9% over 64 years.

By gender, of the total number of insured persons, 49.9% were men and 50.1% were women.

The following chart shows the number of people with health coverage by gender.

Uninsured People

20.6%

Uninsured

30.1%

Employer Coverage

27.2%

Medicaid

6.69%

Medicare

11.9%

Non-Group

3.52%

Military or VA

Between 2022 and 2023, the percent of uninsured citizens in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK declined by 0.649% from 20.7% to 20.6%.

The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Oklahoma County (Southeast)--East Central Oklahoma City PUMA, OK changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.